{"id":71796,"date":"2025-12-31T00:15:19","date_gmt":"2025-12-30T21:15:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.peyzax.com\/?p=71796"},"modified":"2026-02-21T21:19:44","modified_gmt":"2026-02-21T18:19:44","slug":"mycelium-composite-a-new-sustainable-material-in-architecture","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.peyzax.com\/en\/mycelium-composite-a-new-sustainable-material-in-architecture\/","title":{"rendered":"Mycelium Composite: A New Sustainable Material in Architecture"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_82_2 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-custom ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">H\u0131zl\u0131 Git<\/p>\n<label for=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69f4dfbaaac58\" class=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-label\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #ffffff;color:#ffffff\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #ffffff;color:#ffffff\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\"  id=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69f4dfbaaac58\" checked aria-label=\"Toggle\" \/><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.peyzax.com\/en\/mycelium-composite-a-new-sustainable-material-in-architecture\/#Plastic_feel_organic_reality\" >Plastic feel, organic reality<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.peyzax.com\/en\/mycelium-composite-a-new-sustainable-material-in-architecture\/#Water_UV_impact_the_materials_three-part_exam\" >Water, UV, impact: the material\u2019s three-part exam<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.peyzax.com\/en\/mycelium-composite-a-new-sustainable-material-in-architecture\/#Fire_behavior_speaking_without_saying_%E2%80%9Cnon-combustible%E2%80%9D\" >Fire behavior: speaking without saying \u201cnon-combustible\u201d<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.peyzax.com\/en\/mycelium-composite-a-new-sustainable-material-in-architecture\/#Acoustics_the_pleasant_side_of_porosity\" >Acoustics: the pleasant side of porosity<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/www.peyzax.com\/en\/mycelium-composite-a-new-sustainable-material-in-architecture\/#Production_technique_and_scale_mold_grow_stop\" >Production technique and scale: mold, grow, stop<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/www.peyzax.com\/en\/mycelium-composite-a-new-sustainable-material-in-architecture\/#Use_scenarios_small_scenes_of_%E2%80%9Cworks_doesnt_work%E2%80%9D\" >Use scenarios: small scenes of \u201cworks \/ doesn\u2019t work\u201d<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/www.peyzax.com\/en\/mycelium-composite-a-new-sustainable-material-in-architecture\/#The_ethics_of_the_material_sometimes_good_sometimes_just_a_story\" >The ethics of the material: sometimes good, sometimes just a story<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/www.peyzax.com\/en\/mycelium-composite-a-new-sustainable-material-in-architecture\/#Source_Notes\" >Source Notes<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n<p>Spot: Mycelium composites are a family of materials that doesn\u2019t fit into the easy shortcut of \u201ceverything natural is good.\u201d In the right place they can be genuinely promising; in the wrong place they can turn into something you keep wrestling with.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>At a fair once, I picked up a small panel sitting at the edge of a booth. At first touch it felt like \u201cplastic foam\u201d: light, firm, with a matte surface. Then I ran my finger along the edge and the feeling shifted; the cross-section had a tiny fibrous weave, like compressed straw held together not by glue but by\u2026 something else. When I brought it closer, there was a faint trace in the smell too\u2014something like damp soil mixed with mushroom. When I pressed the edge it didn\u2019t snap with a \u201cclick.\u201d It compressed and came back, yet it also left a thin crack line at the same time. A strange question landed in my head: \u201cIs this alive?\u201d \u201cAlive\u201d might be a little romantic, but it clearly wasn\u2019t behaving like a completely dead material either. It looked like plastic, but it wasn\u2019t plastic; more like biology that had learned how to resemble plastic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/www.peyzax.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/ChatGPT-Image-31-Ara-2025-00_09_11.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-71263\" title=\"\"><figcaption><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>What we call a mycelium-based composite is, in short, using the underground network of fungi (mycelium) as a kind of natural binder to stitch agricultural waste and fibrous residual materials together. Mycelium plays the role of an \u201cadhesive\u201d here: straw, sawdust, hemp shives, coffee grounds\u2014whatever you have\u2014mycelium grows through them and weaves a network. Then that growth is stopped, typically by drying, heating, or a similar process. In everyday language: the material seems to \u201cweave itself\u201d inside a mold.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Until a few years ago, this story mostly circulated in pavilions and design fairs. Visually it is strong; it carries a \u201cnatural yet futuristic\u201d aesthetic, and it is easy to narrate: a material born from waste, compostable surface, low energy\u2026 But over the last two years, the tone feels like it has shifted. The fair-object vibe still exists, yet it no longer feels sufficient on its own; people are asking for more \u201cperformance.\u201d What does it do in fire? Does it absorb sound? Does it change when it sees humidity? Can production be standardized? That question set pushes the material from being a trendy keyword toward real project tables. The literature shows a similar drift: production parameters, inspection and standardization, and building physics (heat\u2013moisture behavior, strength, fire, and acoustics) are being discussed more intensely.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Where does mycelium work, and where does it not?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In landscape practice\u2014especially in the public realm\u2014this question strips away romance quickly. Because landscape has \u201creal-life criteria\u201d that can be unforgiving: vandalism, maintenance budgets (or the lack of them), freeze\u2013thaw cycles, UV, rain, warranties, procurement units, supply chains. Good intentions don\u2019t carry a material on site by themselves.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1300\" height=\"867\" src=\"https:\/\/www.peyzax.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/ChatGPT-Image-31-Ara-2025-00_16_42.png\" alt=\"mycelium\" class=\"wp-image-71280\" title=\"\"><figcaption><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Plastic_feel_organic_reality\"><\/span>Plastic feel, organic reality<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Mycelium composites can often have a lightness and texture reminiscent of \u201cplastic foam.\u201d Sometimes there is a velvety matte surface; in the cross-section, a fibrous porosity. That porosity looks like a good thing\u2014because it opens doors to lightness and sound absorption\u2014but the same porosity also likes water, holds dirt, and can carry a risk of \u201cdenting and staying dented\u201d under impact.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A concrete detail: on one prototype, when I pressed my nail into the surface, a small mark remained. It wasn\u2019t like plastic; it was more like the crust of dry bread\u2014slightly yielding. On another piece, when I rubbed the edge as if sanding, a fine dust appeared; fibers broke and drifted away.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Mycelium composite can partially replace materials in scenarios like: low-load interior surfaces, exhibition elements, decorative partitions, acoustic panels, temporary pavilion skins, packaging-like protective parts\u2026 But replacing these is difficult: outdoor seating surfaces that take constant hits, fa\u00e7ade claddings that will stay under sun and rain for years, and standardized public furnishings where we expect consistent performance for a long time.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Let\u2019s put two clear sentences down. In an interior environment with controlled humidity, as a temporary exhibition or pavilion element, mycelium composite can make sense; because lightness and form freedom increase installation speed.<br>And another: if used as a bench surface in a heavily used urban park exposed to rain\u2013sun cycles, it will likely cause headaches; because water, UV, and impact arrive at once, and the material\u2019s \u201cdelicate\u201d side becomes dominant.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1300\" height=\"709\" src=\"https:\/\/www.peyzax.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Gemini_Generated_Image_zb00xuzb00xuzb00-scaled.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-71267\" title=\"\"><figcaption><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Water_UV_impact_the_materials_three-part_exam\"><\/span>Water, UV, impact: the material\u2019s three-part exam<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Water is one of the most critical topics. Mycelium composites can be prone to water absorption; this raises both the risk of swelling or deformation and the tendency for the surface to stain. Once, a few drops fell on a small sample: the drop darkened the surface instantly and left a mark when it dried. Even indoors, that creates the question \u201cHow will this be cleaned?\u201d Outdoors, water is not just water; rain can be acidic, it carries mud, and freeze\u2013thaw cycles can enlarge microcracks.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>UV is more subtle. Sunlight changes the color of organic materials; with mycelium composites, the possibility of fading or turning into a chalky texture is often discussed. Meaning the material might lose its first-day beautiful matte look and become more \u201cdusty.\u201d In a landscape project, this transformation affects not only aesthetics but also perceived hygiene; municipal teams might look at it and ask, \u201cIs this dirt, or is this just the material now?\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Impact and intensive use\u2026 here the material can oscillate between two behaviors: sometimes it dents and recovers; sometimes it forms a fibrous fracture line. A hard kick, a bicycle bump, a skateboard hit, children stepping on the same spot repeatedly\u2014these are daily realities outdoors. If mycelium composite is not reinforced by high-density pressing, coatings, or similar processes, it can struggle to make peace with that daily life.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The \u201cbiodegradation\u201d side is also double-edged. By definition, being able to break down under appropriate conditions is described as a positive feature; but in the public realm, this can sometimes mean \u201climited service life.\u201d The material\u2019s life cycle needs to match the project\u2019s expected life. In landscape we often assume 10\u201315 years or more; in some scenarios, mycelium composite may not carry that expectation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1536\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/www.peyzax.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/ChatGPT-Image-31-Ara-2025-00_11_30.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-71269\" title=\"\"><figcaption><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Is it suitable for outdoor furniture? The honest answer is: conditionally. In a semi-open space that is covered, does not receive rain, and is not in direct sun; supported with an appropriate protective layer (a bio-based coating, something water-repellent yet breathable), and with modular part replacement planned, limited use could be considered. But in open areas\u2014especially where vandalism and intensive use risks are high\u2014it usually remains an \u201cexperiment\u201d; it struggles to become long-term, standardized urban furniture.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Third clear sentence: In an interior space with an acoustic problem (for example, an activity hall in a youth center), as a wall or ceiling surface that will not take impact, a mycelium-based panel can work; because its porous structure can \u201cswallow\u201d part of the sound energy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Fire_behavior_speaking_without_saying_%E2%80%9Cnon-combustible%E2%80%9D\"><\/span>Fire behavior: speaking without saying \u201cnon-combustible\u201d<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>One claim we often hear about mycelium composites is \u201cfire resistance.\u201d Here we need to be careful with language: saying \u201cnon-combustible\u201d is risky both technically and ethically. Fire behavior varies depending on the fungal species, substrate, density, production method, and especially the test standard. Some studies discuss results such as the surface charring and slowing flame spread, or heat release being relatively low under certain conditions; but that is not an automatic label for every product.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A landscape parenthesis: in public furnishings, fire risk often comes not as \u201caccident\u201d but as \u201cintent.\u201d A trash bin is set on fire, a bench is exposed to flame, a cigarette butt is left behind. So fire performance should be considered not only as flame spread, but also smoke production, dripping behavior, and whether repair is possible afterwards\u2014more everyday questions, really. Some producers and researchers try fire-retardant approaches using mineral additives, different fiber mixes, or surface coatings; but there is also the \u201cat what cost?\u201d question. Added chemicals can weaken the environmental claim, or alter reuse and compostability scenarios.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Acoustics_the_pleasant_side_of_porosity\"><\/span>Acoustics: the pleasant side of porosity<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Acoustics is one of the areas where mycelium composites look like they have a \u201cnatural advantage.\u201d With a simple analogy: sound hits a hard, flat surface and bounces back; but when it enters a porous surface, it loses part of its energy through friction in tiny cavities. The fibrous-porous structure of mycelium composites, with the right density and surface design, can support this absorption. So the answer to \u201cCan it be an acoustic panel?\u201d is often \u201cit can.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1400\" height=\"934\" src=\"https:\/\/www.peyzax.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/mycelium-paviliion-2-1400x934.jpeg.webp\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-71271\" title=\"\"><figcaption><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>But there is a small contradiction. If you seal the surface against water and dirt, you also close pores, and acoustic performance may drop. If you leave the surface open, dust retention and cleaning problems increase. So in acoustic applications, you may need a thin layer that protects without fully sealing, or a secondary solution such as a permeable textile or grille carrier in front of the panel. These details can look minor; in a project, they can be the parts that consume the most time.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Production_technique_and_scale_mold_grow_stop\"><\/span>Production technique and scale: mold, grow, stop<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The most critical difference in producing mycelium composites is this: the material is not merely \u201cmanufactured\u201d; to a degree it is \u201cgrown.\u201d A fibrous mix placed into a mold integrates as mycelium grows under suitable temperature and humidity. Then growth is stopped; steps like drying or sterilization stabilize the product. At workshop scale this process is flexible and creative\u2014an excellent playground for a designer. In mass production, the same process becomes harder: contamination risk, keeping the same density batch to batch, dimensional tolerances, shrinkage and form loss during drying\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Once, on a piece taken out of a mold, the corners were not as sharp as we expected; it was as if the material had \u201crounded\u201d them. This can even be aesthetically pleasing, but it creates trouble in connection details. You want to screw into it; the screw tears fibers. You think of anchors; holding strength can be weak. You try adhesive; the surface absorbency prevents uniform bonding. In other words, mycelium composite still tests the designer on \u201cconnections and detailing.\u201d This is one reason why standardization talk has increased lately: the material has a beautiful story, but the \u201csafe recipe that everyone can use the same way\u201d is not fully settled yet.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"960\" height=\"540\" src=\"https:\/\/www.peyzax.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/03_mycotree_exhibition_carlina-teteris_16x9_1504423907_960x540-jpg.webp\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-71273\" title=\"\"><figcaption><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Use_scenarios_small_scenes_of_%E2%80%9Cworks_doesnt_work%E2%80%9D\"><\/span>Use scenarios: small scenes of \u201cworks \/ doesn\u2019t work\u201d<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Imagine the time pressure of an exhibition build. It\u2019s 22:00 and the pavilion skin has to be finished. The lightness of mycelium panels is gold here: two people carry them, no heavy crane, fast assembly. And the surface\u2019s \u201cmat organic\u201d language absorbs light nicely; it photographs well. Under these conditions, mycelium composite works: short life, controlled indoor climate, low impact. And at the end, a \u201cdismantle and recycle or compost\u201d scenario can come onto the table\u2014of course where it truly goes and how it is processed is a separate discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Now take the same material outdoors. A municipal procurement team looks at a sample bench piece: \u201cWhat is the warranty period? How is it cleaned? Does graffiti come off? If a part breaks, is there a spare?\u201d These are the real questions of landscape. Mycelium composite struggles here, because answers often start with \u201cunder this condition.\u201d If the climate is harsh (freeze\u2013thaw), rainfall is high, sun is intense, vandalism is common\u2026 risk grows. In that situation it becomes a headache; because the project stops defining the material\u2019s limits, and the material starts defining the project\u2019s limits.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A third scene: an interior co-working space; high ceiling, reverberation is annoying. The budget for acoustic panels is limited, but there is also a search for a \u201cmaterial with a story.\u201d Mycelium composite can be reasonable here. The panel is placed high on the wall so it won\u2019t take impact; its surface is protected with a permeable layer that won\u2019t trap dust; a certified product with suitable fire performance is selected. Under these conditions it works; because the problem (echo) and the solution (porosity) align well.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A fourth scene, less discussed: the maintenance crew. Spring cleaning, a habit of washing with a hose. Washing a mycelium composite surface with a hose can mean \u201cinsisting on water exposure.\u201d The surface darkens, dries with stains, fibers lift at edges. The maintenance crew quite reasonably says, \u201cI can\u2019t deal with this.\u201d And at that point, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.peyzax.com\/kategori\/konstruksiyon\/malzeme-bilgisi\/\">material selection<\/a> becomes not only a design issue, but also an issue of maintenance culture. In landscape, a material lives in the hands of the municipality, not on the designer\u2019s table.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped wp-block-gallery-1 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"474\" height=\"329\" data-id=\"71275\" src=\"https:\/\/www.peyzax.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/OIP-1-jpg.webp\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-71275\" title=\"\"><figcaption><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"743\" height=\"491\" data-id=\"71277\" src=\"https:\/\/www.peyzax.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/miselyum-tuglas.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-71277\" title=\"\"><figcaption><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"The_ethics_of_the_material_sometimes_good_sometimes_just_a_story\"><\/span>The ethics of the material: sometimes good, sometimes just a story<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The ethical side of mycelium composites is worth discussing: using agricultural waste streams, the possibility of local production, reducing dependence on chemical binders\u2014these are genuinely hopeful. But the \u201ccarbon\u201d narrative may not always be smooth because steps like sterilization and drying require energy; energy source, logistics, scale, and service life change the calculation. Sometimes the \u201cgreen\u201d look of the material can even become a stage for greenwashing: visually organic, narratively bright, yet with an unclear supply chain and uncertain lifespan. What is needed here is a gentle but clear line: not everything that looks natural is automatically good; what is good is good together with its conditions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Source_Notes\"><\/span>Source Notes<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Camilleri, E.; Narayan, S.; Lingam, D.; Blundell, R. \u2013 2025 \u2013 Mycelium-based composites: An updated comprehensive overview \u2013 Biotechnology Advances. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.um.edu.mt\/library\/oar\/bitstream\/123456789\/130645\/1\/Mycelium_based_composites_an_updated_comprehensive_overview%282025%29.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">L-Universit\u00e0 ta&#8217; Malta<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Motamedi, S.; Rousse, D.R.; Promis, G. \u2013 2025 \u2013 A Review of Mycelium Bio-Composites as Energy-Efficient Sustainable Building Materials \u2013 Energies. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1996-1073\/18\/16\/4225\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">MDPI<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Lewandowska, A.; Sydor, M.; Bonenberg, A. \u2013 2025 \u2013 A Review of Mycelium-Based Composites in Architectural and Design Applications \u2013 Sustainability. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2071-1050\/17\/24\/11350\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">MDPI<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Aiduang, W.; Jinanukul, P.; Thamjaree, W.; Kiatsiriroat, T.; Waroonkun, T.; Lumyong, S. \u2013 2024 \u2013 A Comprehensive Review on Studying and Developing Guidelines to Standardize the Inspection of Properties and Production Methods for Mycelium-Bound Composites in Bio-Based Building Material Applications \u2013 Biomimetics. <a href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC11429656\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">PMC<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Le Ferrand, H. \u2013 2024 \u2013 Critical Review of Mycelium-Bound Product Development: Barriers to Entry and Paths to Overcome Them \u2013 Journal of Cleaner Production. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/S0959652624013076?utm_source=chatgpt.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"dofollow noreferrer noopener\">ScienceDirect<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Madusanka, C.; Udayanga, D.; Nilmini, R.; Rajapaksha, S.; Hewawasam, C.; Manamgoda, D.; Vasco-Correa, J. \u2013 2024 \u2013 A review of recent advances in fungal mycelium based composites \u2013 Discover Materials. <a href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s43939-024-00084-8?utm_source=chatgpt.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Springer Link<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Alaneme, K.K.; Okafor, A.U.; Omotoyinbo, J.A.; Bodunrin, M.O. \u2013 2023 \u2013 Mycelium based composites: A review of their material properties, biomedical applications and future perspectives \u2013 Ain Shams Engineering Journal. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S1110016823008979?utm_source=chatgpt.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">ScienceDirect<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Majib, D. et al. \u2013 2024 \u2013 Fungal Mycelium-Based Biofoam Composite: A Review on Growth, Properties, and Application \u2013 Progress in Rubber, Plastics and Recycling Technology. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S1110016823008979?utm_source=chatgpt.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">ScienceDirect<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Verma, N.; Jujjavarapu, S.E.; Mahapatra, C. \u2013 2023 \u2013 Green sustainable biocomposites substitute to plastics with innovative fungal mycelium based biomaterial \u2013 Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Spot: Mycelium composites are a family of materials that doesn\u2019t fit into the easy shortcut of \u201ceverything natural is good.\u201d In the right place they&#46;&#46;&#46;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":754,"featured_media":71262,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_wp_rev_ctl_limit":""},"categories":[4970,4948,4953],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-71796","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-design-trends","category-editors-pick","category-material-information"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.peyzax.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/71796","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.peyzax.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.peyzax.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.peyzax.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/754"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.peyzax.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=71796"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.peyzax.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/71796\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.peyzax.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/71262"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.peyzax.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=71796"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.peyzax.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=71796"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.peyzax.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=71796"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}